New Delhi: The changing mood of the weather has surprised the whole world. Weather activities have affected everyone from agriculture to normal life. While many states of India are troubled by excessive rains, floods, and storms, many countries of Europe have become furnaces due to heat these days.
Two months ago, in the month of May, France experienced record heat. Once again France is feeling the heat of spring. Along with France, Spain, Italy and other countries are also in its grip. Not only this, severe heat was recorded in parts of Poland and other Eastern European countries this month.
Rising temperatures have once again engulfed Europe, in many countries the incidents of forest fires have also increased due to the heat. And most of the continent is in the grip of a prolonged drought. While there are still two months of summer left.
The current situation in England and Wales is due to the rising temperature due to several days of the upper-level low-pressure area off the coast of Portugal.
Scientists say that this year already the attitude toward summer has been very strict. Europe, as well as the western United States, have recorded a steady increase in the frequency and intensity of temperatures, with a rate not seen anywhere else on Earth.
Europe’s heat causes ‘cut-off low’
Global warming is playing an important role in this whole process. Because in the same way the average temperature is being recorded as about 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1.1 degrees Celsius) higher than in the second half of the 19th century. Carbon dioxide and other heat-enhancing gases have brought it to its peak. But there are other factors as well, including the movement of the atmosphere and ocean, which can make Europe the main site of heatwaves.
Over the past four decades, there has been a steady increase in the intensity of heat in Europe.
However, no two heatwaves are completely the same. Due to the rising temperature in the current situation in England and Wales, the upper-level low-pressure area has been stuck for several days off the coast of Portugal. This is known as ‘cut-off low’ in the language of atmospheric scientists.
What is Jet Stream?
According to the ‘Indian Express’, Kai Kornhuber, a researcher at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, a part of Columbia University, says that low-pressure areas attract air towards them. In this case, the low-pressure area is continuously pulling air towards Europe beyond North Africa. It is continuously pumping hot air towards the north.
Research suggests that there has been a steady increase in the intensity of heat in Europe over the past four decades. The researchers found that heatwaves in many European regions increased when jet streams (jet streams or jet streams are high-speed winds in the upper atmosphere, and especially in the stratosphere. Their direction of flow is as fixed as that of currents, so This is named the jet stream) temporarily split into two parts. This left an area of weak winds and high-pressure air between the two branches, which increased the heat to such an extent.
Effie Raozie, the senior scientist at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Research in Germany, says the recent heat wave is related to a similar double jet that has dominated Europe for the past two weeks. For this reason, the heat in Europe remains constant due to weak winds. Apart from this, there can be other reasons as well. However, there is debate among scientists about some of those topics. But teasing out natural climate variability can be difficult.
Rising heat in the arctic is also the reason
At the same time, some scientists say that the heat in the Arctic is increasing faster than the rest of the world, which can play an important role in this process. As the Arctic warms, the temperature difference between it and the equator decreases. This reduces summer air, which keeps the weather system on hold for a long time.
Apart from this, changes in the world’s largest ocean currents could affect the climate of Europe. Scientists said that due to the weakening of the currents, the summer in Europe could be completely dry. And due to extreme heat, the soil here also dries up. When there is moisture in the soil, the heat of the sun is used to absorb that moisture, which brings coolness to the atmosphere. But when the moisture of the soil dries up due to the heat of heat, then when the next flame comes, there is nothing left for evaporation, so the heat of the sun further heats the surface, which increases the heat.
